Taiwan Mandarin

DictionaryCommon words艱苦

WordTOCFL Level 5stative verb (adj.)Taiwan frequency #8,204

艱苦

jiānkǔ·ㄐㄧㄢㄎㄨˇ

“difficult and strenuous; hard; arduous; involving great effort or hardship”

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jiān·ㄐㄧㄢ

Difficult; hard; arduous; distressing; a hardship; a difficult situation; a parent's funeral rites.

Having a bitter taste; hardship or suffering; to suffer or endure pain; to toil painstakingly; to be afraid of.